In what way does proper weight distribution affect aircraft performance?

Proper weight distribution significantly impacts the stability and control of an aircraft during flight, which is directly related to flight characteristics. When the weight is evenly distributed and within specified limits, the aircraft performs optimally, maintaining a stable equilibrium. This stability allows for smoother handling, predictable responses to control inputs, and enhances overall safety. For example, if the aircraft is overloaded at the rear, it can lead to a nose-up attitude, causing difficulties in controlling descent and landing, while having weight concentrated in the front may lead to a nose-down attitude. Therefore, maintaining proper weight distribution is critical to ensuring that the aircraft can be effectively controlled throughout its flight envelope, contributing to safer and more efficient operations.