Why is it important to monitor weight and balance during flight?

Monitoring weight and balance during flight is crucial for ensuring safe flight characteristics. The weight and distribution of a load can significantly affect an aircraft's performance, handling, and stability. If the aircraft is too heavy or improperly balanced, it can lead to poor aerodynamic performance, increased stall speeds, and difficulty in controlling the aircraft, especially during takeoff and landing.

Aircraft design parameters dictate specific weight limits and balance ranges to maintain effective control and maneuverability. A center of gravity that is outside the designated limits can lead to flight characteristics that are potentially hazardous, such as reduced responsiveness or increased difficulty in recovery from unusual attitudes. Therefore, making sure that the aircraft remains within the specified weight and balance limits throughout the flight is essential for safety.

While factors such as fuel economy, engine wear, and cargo capacity are important considerations, they do not directly relate to the immediate safety concerns addressed by maintaining proper weight and balance during flight. Thus, ensuring safe flight characteristics is paramount.