Why is it important to maintain the CG within specified limits?

Maintaining the Center of Gravity (CG) within specified limits is crucial for optimal aircraft performance and safety. The CG directly affects the aircraft's stability, maneuverability, and control characteristics. When the CG is within the designed limits, the aircraft can respond predictably to control inputs, making it easier for the pilot to handle. If the CG is too far forward or aft, it can lead to issues such as nose-dive or tail-dragging tendencies, which can compromise safety and performance during various phases of flight.

Moreover, an aircraft with the CG in the correct position will have better performance during takeoff, climb, cruise, and landing. It ensures that the lift generated by the wings is effectively balanced with the weight and that the aircraft can maintain a proper attitude without excessive control efforts. This balance is essential for maintaining designed performance specifications, fuel efficiency, and overall aircraft integrity, thereby enhancing flight safety.

While fuel management, regulatory compliance, and cost reductions may be important considerations in aviation operations, the foundational aspect of maintaining the CG primarily revolves around safety and performance.